Explosive-engine.



Patented Oct. 8, |90I.

3 Sheets-$heet I.

.1. vALENTvNuwmz.

EXPLUSIVE ENGINE. (Application led'Apr. 15, 1901.)

(No Modei.)

No. 684,0". 'Patented oct. .8.; 190|.

a. vALENTYNowlcz.

EXPLUSIVE ENGINE.

v (A 1i u man Aw. 1v, 1901.) (No Model.) l pp on 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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No. 684,0". Patented om. 3,1901.. .L vALENTYNowlcz.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

(Application led Apr. 15, 1901.) f Y (llo Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

'A TTORNE x Y, NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.,

JOSEPH VALENTYNOWIOZ,-OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

ExPLostvE-ENGINE.

`SPECIFICAEIIOli' forming part of liette'rs Patent No. 684,011', 'datedOctober 8, 1901.

Application nea April 15,1901. senin 110.55.997. (No man.)

To all whom it may conecrnil Be it known that I, JOSEPH VALENfryNo-WICZ, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident ofChicago, county of Cook, and State of Illinois', have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Explosivel Engines, of which thefollowing is a speciti- 'cation and which are illustrated in tlreaccompanying drawings, forming a partthereof.

My invention relates to double-cycle explosive-engines, and has for itsobject to i1n, prove the construction-thereof and to provide ber 12through a passage 30, which extends one which shall be compact in form,free from complication, efficient in operation, and es-l peciallyadapted for use in connection withy automobile-s.

The invention is embodied in the aecompa'- 10, surrounded by awater-jacket 11, and provided at one end with a closed chamber 12, inwhich is located the crank 13 of the crankshaft 14. The crank-chamber12, which also serves as a compression-chamber for the'explosive mixtureof oil and air, is made 'in two sections secured together by boltspassed through the lu gs l of each section. The piston 16 is connectedto the crank-shaft by a rod 17 in the usual manner and is provided withpacking 18 to prevent the escape of the gas or products of combustionpast the piston.

The inner end of the cylinder 10 is closed by a head 19, having achamber 19, which communicates with the interior of the cylinder by Wayof the port 20. This port is covered by a piece of gauze netting 20a forspraying any particles of oil that may be drawn into the cylinder withthe explosive mixture and, closed by a valve 21, carried by a stern 22,passing through a web'23 in the port 20 and extending into the'chamber19a of the head 19.

vSurrounding the stem 22 is a wearingsleeve 24, vand encircling thissleeve is an ex.-

pansion-spring 25, reacting between the web Fig.A 3 is a the resistanceof the spring may be varied at will'by adjusting the'nut 26. Theend oft-he 23 and a nut 26.l Under the influence ofthe i spring 25 the valve21 is normally seated andv stem 22 of the valve 21 projectsl through aAguide-sleeve 27, screwed into the hub of a web 28, formed integral withthe chambered head 19 and bridging an opening in the said head, whichopening is closed bya cap 2.9, as f illustrated in Fig. 1.

. The chamber 19a of`thel head 19 communicates with the crank orcompression chamcured to the valve-stem 34. The web 33 is assisted ingu'iding and maintaining the valvestem 34 in vertical position by a web38 in the chamber 32. To theopen end of thechamber 32 is se'- cured anelbow 39, and the air to be utilized to vaporize the oil is suckedthrough this elbow 39, baffle-plates 40 being disposed therein tovdeadenthe noise of the inrushing air.

The mixing-chamber 32 has a nipple 41, into which is screwed a plug 42,having a circulary passage 43 therethrough. v Y A Reciprocating in thepassagel43 and eX- tending beyond the mouth of the same is a rectangularpin 44, providing ducts between it and the wall of the passage for theentrance of the oil to the mixing-chamberv The passage 43 ofthe plug 42is enlarged-to form the valve-cavity 45, the bottom of which is taperedto the passage 43, and seated in this cavity is a ball-valve 46,normally held against j the bottom of the cavity and closing the passage43 by an expansion-springv 47, reacting between the said valve and anapertured diskV 48, covering the upper end of the valve-cavity 45 andheld in place by a screw-'cap 49.`

Pivoted Within the mixing-chamber 32 fis a lever 51, having arms 52 and53. The-arm IOO engages the lower end of the pin 44, while the arm 52rests upon an adjusting-screw 54, located at the end of the valve-stem34. A retractile spring 55,one end of which is attached to the web 38within the chamber 32 and the other to the arm 52 of the 'lever 51,holdsthe arms normally in engagement with the pin 44 and the screw 54 of thestem 34. A pipe 50 conducts the oil to the valve-cavity 43, after whichit is drawn into the air-receiving chamber 32 before its passage inagaseous state to the compression-chamber 12.

Projecting from the cap 29, closing the opening of the head 19, is apost 5G, to which is pivoted at one end a lever 57, carrying acontact-plate 58, insulated, as at 59, from the said lever. The lever,insulation, and contactplate are apertured to receive the reducedportion 60, on which the lever plays, of a stem 61,which passes throughthe cap 29 of the head 19 and is provided at its inner end with theapertures 76.

a head or button 62, adapted to be moved against the end of thevalve-stein 22, projecting beyond the sleeve 27 in the web 28. Thecontact-plate 58 is held normally in engagement with a nut 63, securedto the end of the stem 6l by a spring 64, reacting between a nut 65,screwed into the cap 29, and thelever 57, butis moved away from the nutG3 when the lever is pushed inwardly to unseat the valve-21 in order torelieve the-pressure in the cylinder in starting the engine.

Secured to the side of the mixinghchamber 32 is a U-shaped bracket 67,carrying a shaft 68,v journaled in the arms of the bracket. The shaft 68carries a centrifugal governorframe 69, to the arms 70 of which arepivoted the weight-levers 71, the arms of which engage an annular recess72 of a sleeve 73, slidably `mounted on the shaft 68.

Passing through apertures 76, the bottoms of `which are inclined in thewalls of the mixing-chamber 32, is a'sliding bar 7,4, provided at itslower edge with inclined notches 75, which register with the inclinedbottoms of The valve-stem 34 isprovided `with an aperture 77, throughwhich passes the sliding bar 74, one end of which bar is notched toengage an annular iiange 78 of the `sleeve 73.

Projecting through the chamber 32 in a line parallel with the shaft 68is a rod 79, one end of which is passed through and bolted to theannular iiange v78. Motion is transmitted to the governor-shaft throughthe medium `of a belt 8O running over a pulley Sl on the shaft 68 andderiving its motion from a pulley fixed to the engine-shaft 14. Thegovernor acts in opposition to a spring 83, encircling a sleeve 84, inwhich the rod 79 slides, and reacting between the wall of the chamber 32and an adjustable nut 74 on the rod 79.

The operation ofthe governor to regulate the supply of the explosivemixture will be readily understood. When the engine ex- :eds a certainspeed, the weights are thrown outwardly by centrifugal force, shiftingthe sleeve 73 on the governor-shaft 68 and moving the sliding bar 74, sothat it, coacting with lthe inclined'bottoms of the apertures in theWalls of the chamber 32, is caused to move upwardly, thereby limitingthe downward or opening movement of the Valve, and consequentlydiminishing the supply of explosive mixture entering to the engine.

Any suitable electrical igniter for the charge in the cylinder may beemployed. The one I have shown in the drawings of the jumpspark varietyconsists of a pair of electrodes 85 and 86, passed through the head 19and into the inner end of the cylinder. The electrode 85 is insulatedfrom the cylinder and is in electrical connection with the secondarycircuit 87, which with the primary circuit 88 includes a sparking-coil89 and `the battery 90. The primary circuit 88 is in connection with thecontactplate 58, carried by the lever 57.

The circuit maker and breaker consists of a post 92, carried by butinsulated `from a bracket 91 andi supporting abrush 93. The brush 93 hascontact with a disk carriedby the shaft 14 of the engine, which diskiscomposed of an insulating material 94 and a copper section 95, and itsrotation is so timed that a spark is created at the electrodes `just asthe piston has reached the limit of its`instroke.

The cylinder is provided with` a series of exhaust-ports 9G,communicating with anelbow 97, and are so disposed that they areentirely uncovered by the piston at the extreme outward movementthereof.

In starting the engine, assuming the piston to be inthe positionillustrated inFig. 1, the ily-wheel 16a is turned `by hand, and the'piston 1G vmovingon the instroke asuction is created in thecrank-chamber12, causing the valve 35 between the chamber '19a in thehead 19 and the mixing-chamber 32 toopen and a supply of air to besucked in through the elbow 39. As the valve 35 opens the screw 54 ofthe stem 34 is withdrawn from engagement with the arm 52 ofthe lever 5l,the spring 55, secured to the web 3S, then drawing the arm 52downwardly, thereby raising the arm 53 and sliding the pin 44 upwardlyand lifting the ball-valve 46 from its seat, permitting a supply of oilunder the influence of the inrushing air. to be drawn into the chamber32, which, mingling with the air, enters the chambered head 19, andpasses out through the passage 30 and into the crank-chamber 12.Inasmuch, however, as all of the oil drawn into the chamber 32 by theinrushing air is not vaporized and carried in that condition into thecompressionchamber 12, some of it dropping to the bottom of the chamber19 of the head 19, the charge or mixture carried to the chamber 12 willnot be rich enough to be of an explosive character, and there istherefore no danger of an explosion in the compression-*chamber IOO IIO

even though the piston become excessively heated when the engine hasbeen running for a considerable period. As soon as the pis-l ton beginsits outstroke the mixture contained in the chamber 12 is compressed andthen forced back through the passage 30 and the chamber 192L and pastthe valve 2l into the cylinder, picking up on its return such oil as mayhave fallen to" the bottom of the chamber 19a and spraying it throughthe gauze 20, covering the port 20. During the outstroke of the pistonthe valve 35 of the mixing-chamber 32 is closed by its spring and thesupply of explosive fluid shut oft. At 'the limit of the next instrokeof the piston the electric circuit is closed through the brush 93 andthe copper Vsection of the disk, and the explosion takes place, forcingthe piston outwardly. As soon as the end of the piston opens theexhaust-ports 96 on its outstroke the air originally in the cylinder inthe first instance'and thereafter the products of combustion begin toexhaust, and at .the

same time, a new charge having been drawn into the crank-chamber on thevprevious instroke of the piston, it is forced into the cylinder, asbefore. This action lis repeated, and the explosion takes place at everyinstroke of the piston. If the pressure in the cylinder is too great topermit of the ily- Wheel 16a being easily turned, by hand in startingthe engine, the pressure may be relieved by opening the valve 21,Whichis accomplished by pushing in the lever 57, as has already beenexplained.

In the engine herein described the passage 30 serves to conduct thecharge from the mixing-chamber 32 to the crankchamber l2, wherein it iscompressed, and also to reconduct the same to the cylinder. Thisarrangement simplifies construction, thereby reducing cost, and alsoeconomizes space-a matter of considerable importance in adapting anengine to an automobile. Y

The Water in the Water-jacket may be drawn oft'through an opening 98 andthe piston lubricated by an oil-cup 99, feeding oil through a passage100, communicating with the inte- .riorof the cylinder.

The engine is provided with brackets lOl, secured to the sides of theengine-body, providing means for supporting the saine from theautomobile-frame.

I claim as my inventioul. In an explosive-engine, in combination, acylinder, a compression-chamber, a chambered head located at the endofand having a valve-closed port opening into the cylinder, means forsupplying an explosive mixture to the chamber of the head, and a passagefor conducting the mixture to the compressionchamber and also forreconducting the same to the cylinder through the chambered head, andthe bottom of the chambered head being located below the port openinginto the cylinder so that'any oil that may not be vaporized in themixing-chamber will be caught by and remain in the said chambered headuntil picked up by the mixture entering the cylinder.

2. In an explosive-engine, in combination, a cylinder, acompression-chamber, the cylinder having a chambered head provided witha valve-closed opening communicating with the cylinder, a fuel-mixingchamber opening into the chambered head, a spring-controlled valve forclosing said opening and the stem of which extends into themixing-chamber, an oil-passage entering the mixing-chamber, a valve forclosing the oil-passage, a pin projecting out of the oilpassage, apivoted leverone arm of which engages the pin the other arm resting uponthe stem of the valve of the mixing-chamber, and a spring for movingthe' lever on its pivot on the open-ing of the valve of themixing-chamber to open the valve of the oil-passage.

3. In an explosive-engine, in combination, a cylinder, acompression-chamber, a fuelmixing chamber having an opening leading tothe engine, a valve for closing said opening and having a stem, apassage for supplying oil to the chamber, a valve for the oil-passage, alever held by the stem of the valve of the mixing-chamber, means formoving the lever when released by the valve-stem to open the oil-valve,a governorshaft and connection for driving the same,a spool loose uponthe shaft, a governor for sliding the spool, the valvestem having aslot, and a rod passing through the slot and resting upon inclinedguides for limiting the play of the valve and having a slot'to receive ahead of the sliding-spool.

JosuPI-r vALENTYNoWroZ.

Witnesses:

ARTHUR B. SEIBOLD, E. M. KLATCHER.

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